What you want is an overview of Kabbalah. A breakdown of the structure. One that can be read during a lunch break or two. A springboard to maybe launch yourself into further personal study.
The intent of this piece is to give the most glancing of glances on the big elements. The framework. I have to do it this way because, for every one thing I say, volumes have been written about it. I’ll link relevant Wikipedia articles, and provide both my sources and suggestions for further reading at the bottom.
Fear not, theolonaut, for you have me in your corner — a 30-something, soft-bodied, non-Jewish, non-academic white guy from the American Midwest.