This sangaku comes from the Isaniwa Shrine in Matsuyama, Shikoku’s largest city, and is dated 1937.
The smallest circle has radius 1. Find the radius of the outer circle in terms of the radius of the small red circle at the center.
Here’s a hint: Pythagoras at the center …
I recommend you pause the article, grab your pen and paper, and give this a go. When you are ready, keep reading for the solution!