Contrary to common assumption, Latin does not underpin the structure of the English language or its grammar. Essentially a Germanic language, English is built on Anglo Saxon foundations. Its core character was established long before the Romans arrived.
Where Latin has played a crucial role is in the evolution of the lexicon or vocabulary. The sheer volume of words with Greco-Latin roots has also been a key element in establishing the flexibility of English and its accessibility to speakers of other languages.
This is particularly evident with regard to French. There are 1,700 cognates (words identical in the French & English). This has eased the way to the former replacing the latter as the world’s lingua franca.