Presented by the 19th-century mathematician Giuseppe Peano, the Peano axioms are a set of axioms for the natural numbers in mathematical logic. Generally, axioms are statements taken to be true, upon which further reasoning nd arguments are built. Think of them as the bedrock for all of mathematics.
Before we can fully appreciate the rigor behind why 1 + 1 = 2, we first have to understand what the equality sign really means. We don’t want to have any room for confusion or contradiction.